TP53 and breast cancer: In particular, vinblastine activated CerS, increasing ceramide content in the liver [81]; paclitaxel (taxol) is an antitumor molecule that led to Cer-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by activation of both SPT and CerS [82], and antifolate methotrexate (MTX) increased the levels of C16:0-Ceramide to reduce proliferation in a p53-dependet manner in human lung adenocarcinoma cells [83].