In a study by Subirana et al., researchers determined the predictive capacity of CAD for selected biomarkers from various pathways: (1) inflammation, such as TNF-α, interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and CRP; (2) oxidation (glutathione peroxidase 1 (GHS-Px)) and (3) metabolism (adiponectin, leptin, and insulin) regardless of classical risk factors. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is coronary artery disorder.