More evidently, IFN-γ/IL-12 ratios showed that MQL treatment decreased IFN-γ production compared with the TMA alone group as follows: Ratio of IFN-γ/IL-12 in the naïve group (oral, 1.3; topical, 1.7), TMA-induced AD group (oral, 2.4; topical, 8.9), MQL 4 group (oral, 2.3; topical, 6.5), and MQL 10 group (oral, 2.2; topical, 5.3). Here, IFNG is linked to Alzheimer disease.