Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index, NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, CVA: cerebrovascular accident, TIA: transient ischemic attack, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, LDL: low-density lipoprotein, HLA: human leukocyte antigen, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, LDH: lactate dehydrogenase, RAAS: renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, uMDA: urinary malondialdehyde, uL-FABP: urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein. The gene discussed is REN; the disease is transient ischemic attack.