Unfortunately in these studies the authors did not explore the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on TGF-β1 signaling, but recent studies in animal models of depression, a well-known risk factor for AD, support the hypothesis that omega-3 fatty acids can stimulate in vivo the secretion of TGF-β1 from microglial cells [114]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and major depressive disorder.