KRAS and pancreatic neoplasm: Supporting these data, Eser et al. demonstrated that oncogenic Pi3kca mouse models show similar patterns of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), pancreatic cancer progression, and activation of key downstream effectors of PI3K to the K-Ras G12D model, indicating that PI3K signals downstream of mutated K-Ras in pancreatic cancer [170].