Knockdown of MECP2 has been reported to lead to increased NF-κB activity in neuronal and myeloid cells (O'Driscoll et al., 2015) and this deregulated activity has been associated with neuroinflammation and decreased dendritic arborization and spine density in a mouse model of RTT (Kishi et al., 2016). Here, MECP2 is linked to Rett syndrome.