TYR and freckles: Myrica rubra fruit extracts, rich in kaempferol and quercetin with little cytotoxicity, could effectively inhibit melanin synthesis, lower tyrosinase activity and down-regulate the expression of microphthalmia transcription factor and tyrosinase-related protein 1 through clearing 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and stopping ROS production, therefore, indicating that these compounds would be safe and effective in treating pigmentary skin diseases, chloasma in particular [128].