Interestingly, investigators from this study further demonstrated that the combination of sorafenib with anti-ANXA3 monoclonal antibody effectively overcomes sorafenib resistance in both ex vivo organotypic cultures and patient-derived mouse xenografts (Tong et al., 2018), suggesting that targeting ANXA3 might be an actionable therapeutic approach for sorafenib-refractory HCC patients. This evidence concerns the gene ANXA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.