Mice lacking PP2Cm show 3–4-fold increases in circulating BCAAs and 5–10-fold increases in liver BCKAs (Abell, 2019), which is associated with numerous diseases, including insulin resistance, obesity, T2DM (Perng et al., 2014; Giesbertz et al., 2015). Here, PPM1K is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.