TNF and COVID-19: Reproducible immune correlates of severe COVID-19 include prolonged detection of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNFα, and IL-8, diminished type I and type III interferon, and marked lymphopenia, as well as mixed evidence for immune exhaustion and dysfunctional myeloid populations (Galani et al., 2021; Hadjadj et al., 2020; Kusnadi et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2021; Lucas et al., 2020; Mathew et al., 2020; Mudd et al., 2020; Schulte-Schrepping et al., 2020; Stephenson et al., 2021; Su et al., 2020; Wilk et al., 2020).