Although APOL1-nephropathy risk primarily fits a recessive model, there is a small increased risk of FSGS, HIVAN and H-ESKD in G1 heterozygotes (Kasembeli et al., 2015; Kopp et al., 2011; Genovese et al., 2010). The gene discussed is APOL1; the disease is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.