APOL1 and HIV-associated nephropathy: Individuals with high-risk genotypes are more likely to develop albuminuria, and many APOL1-associated nephropathies (e.g. HIVAN and FSGS) often present with nephrotic range proteinuria (Chen et al., 2017; Markowitz et al., 2010; Reidy and Kaskel, 2007; Wyatt et al., 2008).