For instance, a study in patients with schizophrenia (n = 32) and bipolar disorder (n = 17) revealed more than 10‐fold increase in salivary levels of α‐defensins 1–4, S100A12, cystatin A, and S‐cysteinylated and S‐glutathionylated proteoforms of cystatin B compared to healthy non‐smokers (n = 19) and smokers (n = 12) control groups, suggesting dysregulation of the peripheral white blood cell immune pathway associated with schizophrenia [47]. The gene discussed is CSTA; the disease is schizophrenia.