Torcetrapib, a CETP inhibitor, has been shown to effectively increase HDL cholesterol levels and stimulate RCT in mice[99] and humans.[29,100] However, a clinical trial of torcetrapib for atherosclerosis was withdrawn due to high mortality rate.[101,102] As an alternative to statins, PCSK9 inhibitors were developed for reducing LDL cholesterol and ACVD risk.[103] PCSK9 inhibitors have been shown to augment circulating LDLRs to hepatocytes to accelerate clearance of LDL. Here, PCSK9 is linked to atherosclerosis.