To further investigate the impact of metabolites on phagocytosis, gene expression of pro-phagocytic regulators Ras homolog gene family member B (RhoB), cell division cycle-42 (CDC42) and myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) were assessed following metabolite pre-treatment and E. coli infection (Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene CDC42 and escherichia coli infection.