Several studies have shown that PI3K/Akt pathway could be activated by cellular stress, such as ischemia, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, oxidative, and heat shock (Shaw et al., 1998; Ouyang et al., 2000; Ma et al., 2001; Sakurai et al., 2001; Martindale and Holbrook, 2002). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is ischemia.