TNF and sexually transmitted disease: However, compared with the Gi group, the hippocampal proinflammatory factors in the Ga group IL-1β (P < 0.01), IL-2 (P < 0.01), TNF-α (P < 0.05), INF-γ (P < 0.05), MIP-2 (P < 0.05), iNOS (P < 0.01), and COX-2 were decreased after acupuncture treatment, whereas the anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 (P < 0.01) were increased, indicating that acupuncture could improve the inflammation in the hippocampus of VD rats.