Genes associated with the other syndromes (e.g., Carpenter [RAB23 gene, MEGF8 gene], Apert [FGFR2 gene], Crouzon [FGFR2 gene], Pfeiffer [FGFR2 gene, FGFR1 gene], and Saethre-Chotzen syndromes [TWIST1 gene]) were analyzed by WES analysis and none of these mutations were found on the patients. Here, TWIST1 is linked to Saethre-Chotzen syndrome.