CTCF and pancreatic neoplasm: To determine other epigenetic features during pancreatic cancer metastasis, we also performed ATAC-seq to evaluate chromosome accessibility and ChIP-seq to identify regulatory elements, including active enhancers (H3K27ac), active promoters (H3K4me3), heterochromatin (H3K9me3), repressive regions (H3K27me3) and transcription elongation regions (H3K36me3), and CTCF-binding sites.