The role of DM in dementia after stroke could be explained by related glucose and insulin dysregulation, as insulin controls synaptic function and neurotransmitter receptors affecting on memory, increases axonal regeneration and neurite out growth in the brain,15,16 and by increased intracranial large or small vessel artery disease with DM, which increases blood viscosity and decreases cerebral autoregulation and blood flow.12 This evidence concerns the gene INS and dementia.