CFTR and cystic fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common autosomal recessive diseases in theworld; its global prevalence is estimated to 70 000 to 100 000 affected individuals.1 CF is caused by loss of function mutations in the cystic fibrosistransmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR, also known as theABCC7 gene).