To examine the effect of sEVs from AOSD patients on NLRP3 expression, THP-1-derived macrophages were pretreated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 1 μg/ml) for 1 h to activate NLRP3, then co-cultured with the purified sEVs from active AOSD patients or HC subjects for 24 h, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and adult-onset Still disease.