GCG and diabetes mellitus: A review published in 2020 suggested that polypeptides may be anti-infective drugs against different pathogens with potential biotechnological applications33. Studies on diabetes and polypeptides have reported that the effect of diabetes drugs and polypeptides in vivo is therapeutic, but the specific mechanism remains unclear; another study indicated that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulates insulin secretion, which plays a role in type 2 diabetes34,35.