Since TLS share similarities with lymph nodes regarding function and structure,31 the aim of this study was to use the of 18F-FDG in PET and 99mTC Albumin Nanocolloid in SPECT to investigate kidney functionality during SLE disease progression and facilitate the detection of the formation of TLS within the kidney of lupus-prone NZB/W mice, a model of SLE in humans. Here, ALB is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.