TNFSF10 and cancer: Studies have shown that combination treatment of chemotherapeutic agents with TRAIL may sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis through a variety of mechanisms, including death receptor upregulation (Nagane et al., 2000; Gibson et al., 2000; Baritaki et al., 2007), suppression of apoptotic inhibitors within the intrinsic pathway (El Fajoui et al., 2011), and redistribution of death receptors into LRs (Xu et al., 2009).