The mRNA expressions of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were all significantly upregulated in the PC-AKI group compared to the controls (IL-1α; P = 0.09, IL-1β; P < 0.001, IL-6; P = 0.020 and TNF-α; P = 0.004). Here, TNF is linked to pachyonychia congenita.