TNF and COVID-19: As shown in Table 1, a cytokine trait that includes 11 factors (IL-6, TNF-α, G-CSF, MMP-9, HGF, FGF acidic, CCL-2/MCP-1, CCL-3/CCL-4 MIP-1α/β, C-X-C chemokine motif ligand-2 (CXCL-2)/MIP-2, and Pentraxin 3) was associated with the Lung Fibrosis pathway, while a subset of 6 cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, G-CSF, CCL-2/MCP-1, CCL-3/CCL-4 MIP-1α/β, IL-7) was related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Adverse Outcome Pathway.