Infections are increasingly diagnosed in non-HIV-infected people who have a primary immunodeficiency condition (such as idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia, anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies, mutations in the CYBB, CD40L, or STAT pathways) and in those who have a secondary immunodeficiency condition (corticosteroids or immunosuppressive therapy, malignancies, and solid or bone marrow transplantation) [5]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and infection.