Interestingly, we observed significantly increased IL-10 and TGF-β levels secreted by LPMCs of mice with colitis treated with rTsPmy, indicating the regulatory pathway may be involved in the reduced Th1/Th17 inflammatory response induced by the treatment of rTsPmy (Figure 4), which is consistent with the previous study that recombinant Schistosoma japonicum secreted protein Sj16 diminishes pro-inflammatory cytokine production but up-regulates immunoregulatory cytokine production IL-10 and TGF-β (Wang et al., 2017) in colonic mucosa. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and colitis.