The high expression of IL-1β is observed in patients with cardiac form of Chagas disease, and its action is correlated to cardiac hypertrophy and inhibition of fibroblast proliferation, indicating the IL-1β role in cardiac remodeling (Patten et al., 1996; Lachtermacher et al., 2010; Sousa et al., 2014). Here, IL1B is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.