ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blockers; BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin A1c; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; SGLT2i: sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor; UACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; n: number of patients; p value: level of significance; ∗χ2, ∗∗ANOVA, ∗∗∗student t-test. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.