GLP1R and diabetes mellitus: Several drugs which already used to treat diabetes or under the investigation as potential therapeutic agents, such as metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists, and bardoxolone, were shown to upregulate Nrf2 [53, 54]; we did not find such data for SGLT2i except for limited data on an animal model where empagliflozin is thought to promote the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and limit the OS in the heart of mice with diabetes [3].