In addition, genetic or epigenetic alterations of CCDC genes associated with human cancers have been reported, including CCDC67 in papillary thyroid carcinoma, CCDC19 (NESG1) in lung cancer, CCDC50 in mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and CCDC8 in breast cancer 12-15. This evidence concerns the gene CFAP45 and differentiated thyroid carcinoma.