TNF and gastric ulcer: These results suggest that AN can reduce the contents of proinflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β; increase the contents of anti-inflammatory factors IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 and protective factors NO and PGE2 in the gastric tissue of mice treated with HCl/ethanol; and eventually play an anti-inflammatory role and attenuate the gastric ulcer injury in mice.