The expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and ASC, and the release of IL-1β were all suppressed by atractylenolide I. Furthermore, transfection with the Drp1 lentivirus vector significantly upregulated β-catenin and PCNA expression in the atractylenolide I–treated AOM/DSS mice model. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and infectious otitis media.