A major challenge for future therapies will be to enhance the protective role or combat the pathological roles of immune processes such as IL4, IL10 and IL13 or TLR-mediated MyD88- and TRAF6- dependent signaling, and this will require to better understanding the time-dependent role of these processes in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, MYD88 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.