Of note, both CXCL8 and CCL2 levels were found to be increased in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of Alzheimer’s disease patients (Galimberti et al., 2006; Sokolova et al., 2009) and higher CCL2 levels in cerebrospinal fluid were associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline during the early stages of the disease (Westin et al., 2012). The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.