TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Moreover, 15 KEGG pathways of metformin treating obesity-related hypertension were revealed, including African trypanosomiasis, Malaria, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Legionellosis, Salmonella infection, Rheumatoid arthritis, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), AMPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, Influenza A, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, Transcriptional misregulation in cancer (detailed in Supplementary file 5).