In addition, good diagnostic efficacy for DKD was also found using the expression level of exosome-derived AEBP1, with an AUC of 0.880 and p < 0.001 for differentiating healthy controls and an AUC of 0.742 and p = 0.009 for differentiating T2DM according to the ROC curve (Fig. 7). The gene discussed is AEBP1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.