HMGB1 and neoplasm: The release of local cytokines (for example, tumour necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-12) and additional cellular danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs; for example, heat shock proteins, high mobility group box 1 protein, ATP, and uric acid) played a role in enhancing innate and adaptive immune responses against tumour cells, which also explained the regression of distant tumours that were not injected with or exposed to OVs in a previous study [2].