Here, we aimed to: i) assess the effects of fasting on central serotonin and dopamine transporter availability, ii) determine differences in the effects of fasting between lean humans vs humans with obesity, and iii) explore the relationships between fasting-induced changes in peripheral metabolic signals, energy substrate oxidation and the central serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. The gene discussed is SLC6A3; the disease is Obesity.