CSF2 and neoplasm: The inability to induce antitumor responses by endogenous DCs in the SJ3 model caused us to determine whether a transfer of in vitro–expanded DCs would be more effective to treat T cell lymphomas, and we indeed observed some efficacy, although this effect could not be seen in the other tumor models in which GM-CSF/R848 treatments alone induced antitumor activity (Fig. 3).