It has been widely evidenced that CXCL12 plays an essential role in stem cell anchorage to the BM microenvironment and reduction of CXCL12 concentrations within the BM may interfere with retention and facilitate the egress of cells (Petit et al., 2002), which could promote the progress of AML. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and acute myeloid leukemia.