Loss of Tbk1 alone has been previously associated with a reduced threshold for lymphocytes activation, the generation of Th1 and Th17 subpopulations, and with the substantial enhancement of IFN-gamma secretion (Yu et al., 2015), although, at the same time, retention of lymphocytes in lymph nodes and reduced brain inflammation was observed upon EAE induction in mice lacking Tbk1 in lymphocytes (Yu et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene TBK1 and brain inflammatory disease.