The above ‘tumor removal & relapse’ model with B16F0 (PRL3 positive) mouse melanoma cancer cell line was further compared with our other routine standard model using a naturally occurring PRL3 positive SNU-484 human gastric cancer cell line (Supplementary Fig. 5, Lane 3) which has 1.27 ± 1.03% of PGCCs in normal culture condition (Supplementary Fig. 6). The gene discussed is PTP4A3; the disease is gastric cancer.