Moreover, there were significant increases in TNF‐α and ET1 levels in the BPD+BM‐MSC group compared with BPD+UC‐MSCs and a significant increase in VEGFA level in the BPD+BM‐MSC group compared to the BPD+AF‐MSC and BPD+UC‐MSC groups. The gene discussed is EDN1; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.