TNFSF10 and neoplasm: Accordingly, it has been evidenced that MSCs can be exploited to serve a range of therapeutic ingredients, comprising apoptosis-inducing ingredient (e.g., TRAIL), chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin), tumor- or tissue-specific prodrugs (e.g., 5-fluorocytosine and ganciclovir), immune cell-inducing cytokines (e.g., interleukin and interferon), and oncolytic virus (e.g., herpes simplex virus, measles virus, and adenovirus) (Figure 1; Loebinger et al., 2009; Kerrigan et al., 2017; Krueger et al., 2018; Lisini et al., 2020).