STAT3 and neoplasm: Molecular analysis demonstrated that intratumorally generated IFN-β could downregulate activation of signal transducer activator transcription factor 3 (Stat3), Src, Akt, cMyc, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in tumor cells which led to the suppression of primary tumor growth and attenuation of pulmonary and hepatic metastases (Ling et al., 2010).