CXCL8 and clostridium difficile infection: Impaired host immunity, recent receipt of antibiotics, anticancer chemotherapy, proton-pump inhibitors or H2 blockers, the presence of comorbidities with functional impairment, immune gene polymorphisms (such as CXCL8), and low levels of antibodies against C. difficile toxin B were identified as risk factors for CDI and disease recurrence (8, 11, 12).