HIF1A and Insulin resistance: In such conditions, adipocytes increase in size with consequent increase in intercapillary distance and decrease in oxygen tension that activates the transcription factor HIF-1A and generates several adverse effects for the adipocyte, among which: i) cell death; ii) inhibition of production of adiponectin; iii) production and release of inflammatory cytokines (63), strong predictor of developing insulin resistance (64), and iv) increased oxidative stress which is able to damage DNA.