TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Additionally, CHIT1 levels were found to be higher in TDP-43 associated FTLD with ALS pathology compared to TDP-43 associated FTLD without ALS pathology, which implies a relationship of CHIT1 increase with a specific type of microgliosis/astrogliosis in corticoefferent pathways and/or association fibers [13, 20].