As previously reported [27, 28], miRNAs usually target the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of the downstream cancer associated genes to participate in the regulation of cancer biology and drug-resistance, and by performing the online starBase software, we identified that 3’UTR of HOOK3 mRNA could be targeted by miR-194-5p (Fig. 4A), and the following dual-luciferase reporter gene system assay results evidenced that miR-194-5p mimic specifically suppressed luciferase activities in the CS-NSCLC cells co-transfected with wild-type HOOK3 luciferase vectors (Fig. 4B, C). Here, HOOK3 is linked to cancer.