IL13RA1 and ulcerative colitis: MicroRNA-31-5p is also upregulated in inflamed ulcerative colitis mucosa [32], where it downregulates expression of the IL-13 receptor α-1 (IL13RA1) gene, which diminishes expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 (SOCS1) and eotaxin-3 (CCL26) expression.